![]() Apparatusĭistillation: Distillation is done using distillation apparatus.Įxtraction: Extraction is done using Separatory funnel. ![]() Phasesĭistillation: Distillation can be done only for liquid phase mixtures.Įxtraction:Extraction can be done for liquid phase and solid phase mixtures. Degrees of Separationĭistillation: Distillation uses the relative volatility as a measure of the degree of separation.Įxtraction:Extraction uses the selective solubility as a measure of the degree of separation. Techniqueĭistillation:Distillation uses the differences between boiling points of chemical components in a mixture.Įxtraction:Extraction uses the different solubilities of some components in two phases. Difference Between Distillation and Extraction Definitionĭistillation:Distillation is the action of purifying a liquid by a process of heating and cooling.Įxtraction: Extraction is the action of extracting something, especially using effort or force. ![]() We can simply evaporate or use any other suitable technique to obtain pure substance from the organic phase. At the end, the required substance is in the organic phase. The separation should be done several times in order to get accurate results. Then the two layers are collected in two different containers. The funnel is shaken several times carefully and allowed to stand for few minutes with the lid of the funnel opened. Since they are immiscible, the two layers are separated. Then the Separatory funnel is filled with an aqueous phase and an organic phase. Vacuum distillation – used to separate components having very high boiling points.įirst, the aqueous liquid mixture that is going to be separated is added. ![]() Steam distillation – used to separate heat-sensitive substances.Fractional distillation– used for the separation of hydrocarbon fractions in the crude oil.Simple distillation – used to separate two liquid substances having a significant difference in their boiling points.There are different types of distillation depending on the technique and the application. By cooling the system gradually, we can collect the components that are condensed at different temperatures. Therefore, when heating a liquid mixture, different chemical substances present in that mixture are converted into gases at different temperatures. Although gaseous mixtures can also be distilled by liquefying the gas from a gaseous mixture, this technique works better for liquid mixtures containing components having significantly different boiling points.ĭifferent chemical substances have different boiling points. This technique uses the differences between boiling points of the components in the liquid mixture. Key Terms: Distillation, Extraction, Fractional Distillation, Separatory Funnel, Steam Distillation, Vacuum Distillationĭistillation is the action of purifying a liquid by a process of heating and cooling. What is the Difference Between Distillation and Extraction The main difference between distillation and extraction is that distillation includes the purification of a substance that is in a liquid mixture whereas extraction includes the purification of a substance that is either in liquid phase or solid phase. Extraction is the action of extracting something, especially using effort or force. Distillation is the action of purifying a liquid by a process of heating and cooling. Distillation and extraction are two such methods. There are several different techniques to separate or purify the substances in mixtures. We call the unnecessary components present in our sample as impurities. Main Difference – Distillation vs ExtractionĪll naturally-occurring compounds are not pure because there are several components mixed with each other.
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